Working principle of a plug-in heat exchanger (non-pressure vessel): After the thermal oil/steam is heated to the required temperature, it is delivered via a circulating pump to the tube side of the heat exchanger; then, a blower transfers the heat to the medium to be heated (e.g., air, water, or other liquids), enabling efficient heat transfer.

Working principle of a dual-purpose heat exchanger (non-pressure vessel): After the thermal oil/steam is heated to the required temperature, it is delivered via a circulating pump to the tube side of the heat exchanger; then, a blower transfers the heat to the medium to be heated (e.g., air, water, or other liquids), enabling efficient heat transfer.